Casting into the Future: The Future of Fishing in Canada

The future of fishing in Canada is at risk.

Fish populations are declining across the country. We must ask: Can we create a sustainable future for fishing in Canada?

Zoe Todd’s childhood experience sparked her passion for fish. She caught a big pike on Baptiste Lake in Alberta. This moment connected her deeply to the aquatic world.

Today, Todd co-founded the Institute for Freshwater Fish Futures. This organization explores Indigenous knowledge, stories, and laws in fish protection. It combines these with science to safeguard fish now and in the future.

Key Takeaways

• Canadian fishing faces critical challenges. Fish populations are declining due to overfishing, climate change, and industrial development.
• Indigenous sovereignty is crucial in fish conservation. It addresses the alarming decline of species like Bull Trout and Sockeye Salmon.
• The Institute for Freshwater Fish Futures combines Indigenous knowledge and science. It aims to protect aquatic ecosystems and human well-being.
• Sustainable fishing practices and marine protected areas are vital. They shape the future of Canada’s fisheries.
• Global collaboration is essential. It addresses challenges facing aquatic systems and dependent communities.

Introduction to the Future of Fishing in Canada

Fishing is deeply rooted in Canadian life, from Atlantic coastlines to interior lakes. Zoe Todd, a Red River Métis person, is at the heart of this tradition. Their passion for fish began with catching a huge pike on Alberta’s Baptiste Lake.

Zoe is now an associate professor of Indigenous Studies at Simon Fraser University. This childhood experience shaped their future work in fish conservation and research.

Zoe Todd’s Commitment to Better the Lives of Fish

Zoe Todd co-founded the Institute for Freshwater Fish Futures as a Canada Research Chair. This group explores Indigenous knowledges, stories, and laws in protecting fish. Their work addresses the decline in fish conservation efforts across Canada.

Zoe’s research centers on Indigenous sovereignty and governance in fish protection. They believe Indigenous voices are crucial for effective conservation strategies.

“Fish are integral to the lives of many Indigenous Peoples in Canada. Their wellbeing is intricately tied to the health and abundance of fish populations. That’s why it’s so vital that we put Indigenous voices and knowledge at the forefront of fish conservation.”

Zoe understands the deep connection between people, water, and aquatic life. Through their institute, they’re developing new ways to restore balance in ecosystems. Their goal is to ensure that Zoe Todd‘s work, Indigenous knowledges, and fish conservation efforts thrive.

Declining Fish Populations: A Concerning Reality

Zoe Todd’s research reveals a troubling decline in Canada’s fish populations. Factors like overfishing, climate change, and industrial impacts contribute to this alarming trend. The collapse has happened rapidly, with each generation unaware of the loss’s scale.

Todd stresses the urgent need to address this issue. The health of fish populations directly affects Indigenous communities and the broader ecosystem. Annual oceans contribute 156 million tons of fish to the population.

Overfishing has caused fish populations to decline over the past three years. Only 1% of Newfoundland North Atlantic cod stock remains after unregulated fishing. The Canadian government has committed over $100 million to assess and rebuild fish stocks.

Dr. Robert Rangeley highlights the importance of healthy fish populations. They are crucial for ecosystems, coastal communities, economies, and sustainable protein sources. Experts believe more action is needed to address challenges facing Canada’s aquatic ecosystems.

Metric	Value
Canada’s fish and seafood exports in 2015	$6 billion
Freshwater fish species threatened with extinction	Nearly 1/3
Decline in migratory freshwater fish since 1970	77%
Decline in iconic megafish since 1970	90%
People dependent on freshwater fish harvest and processing	Over 60 million, over half of them women
Recreational fishing economic impact in Canada	Over $8 billion CAN annually

Recommendations include revising regulations and implementing fishery rebuilding plans. Climate change, habitat destruction, pollution, and harmful fishing practices pose significant threats. The future of fishing in Canada is at a critical point.

Preserving fish populations is vital for environmental, social, and economic reasons. Action is needed to protect these crucial natural resources. The health of our fish populations affects communities across the country.

Restor(y)ing Hope: Indigenous Stories and Science

The Institute for Freshwater Fish Futures uses a “restor(y)ing” approach in their research. They blend Indigenous stories, knowledges, and science to educate people about Canada’s watershed crisis. Their work informs both the public and policymakers.

The institute works closely with Indigenous communities to gather stories. With permission, they share this information through art and podcasts. This method helps them reach a wider audience.

Their goal is to inspire a future where fish and their habitats can thrive. They blur the lines between data collection and knowledge mobilization.

The Institute for Freshwater Fish Futures’ Innovative Approach

The Institute combines Indigenous stories and scientific research to study Canada’s freshwater fish. They work with Indigenous communities to gather traditional ecological knowledge. This knowledge complements their scientific findings.

Their approach to knowledge mobilization is unique. They share stories and insights through art and podcasts. This method helps them engage more people.

By doing this, they inspire hope and stewardship for Canada’s freshwater ecosystems. Their work aims to create a better future for these vital resources.

Key Initiatives	Impact
Collaborative research with Indigenous communities	Integrating traditional ecological knowledge with scientific findings
Creative knowledge mobilization through art and podcasts	Engaging the public and policymakers in the future of Canada’s freshwater fish
Advocating for a future where fish and their habitats can thrive	Inspiring hope and a shared sense of responsibility for the health of Canada’s watersheds

The Future of Fishing in Canada

Canada faces crucial decisions about sustainable fisheries. Zoe Todd and the Institute for Freshwater Fish Futures are leading research to balance fish and human needs. Their work aims to create harmony in Canada’s waterways.

The team combines Indigenous knowledge, scientific research, and innovative sharing methods. They educate the public and inform policymakers about fish conservation and ecosystem restoration. Their goal is a sustainable future of fishing in Canada.

Key Statistics	Figures
Contribution of the Canadian fishing industry to the country’s economy	Over $9 billion annually
Number of licensed commercial fishers in Canada	Approximately 45,000
Employment in the aquaculture sector	More than 14,000 individuals
Value of Canada’s fish and seafood exports	Around $7 billion annually
Economic activity generated by the recreational fishing industry	Approximately $8 billion

Canada is set to lead in sustainable fisheries with innovative approaches. The country is combining Indigenous wisdom, scientific research, and public concern. This collaboration promises a bright future for Canadian fishing.

The goal is harmony between people, fish, and nature. Canada’s waterways could become a model for global conservation efforts.

“The future of fishing in Canada lies in our ability to listen, learn, and collaborate across disciplines and communities, ensuring that our waterways and the life they sustain can thrive for generations to come.”

Indigenous Knowledges and Fish Governance

Zoe Todd’s research explores new ways to protect fish and human well-being. The team draws inspiration from Indigenous leader Leroy Little Bear. They aim to learn from fish, ancient creatures with valuable lessons.

Indigenous Peoples are reclaiming self-determination worldwide. This leads to more respectful research approaches. These methods prioritize Indigenous needs and values.

Community-engaged research emphasizes four core ethical values. These are respect, relevance, reciprocity, and responsibility.

Indigenous communities develop their own research protocols. These protect their knowledge systems. Many require formal applications or community leadership support.

The OCAP® principles safeguard Indigenous intellectual rights. They focus on Ownership, Control, Access, and Possession. These principles stress the importance of “free, prior and informed consent.”

Leroy Little Bear’s Invitation to Learn from Fish

Leroy Little Bear invites us to approach fish as kin. He suggests seeking their guidance. Fish have survived on Earth for half a billion years.

Their resilience holds valuable lessons for humans. We can learn about well-being and environmental stewardship from them.

“We need to ask the fish what we should do, as they have lived on this planet for half a billion years and have much to teach us.”

Integrating Indigenous knowledge can improve fisheries management. It leads to more holistic and sustainable approaches. This shift is crucial for declining fish populations.

“At risk” wild salmon in British Columbia threaten Indigenous communities. They impact cultural, economic, and ecological well-being.

The global ocean economy is set to grow by 2050. We must strengthen Indigenous governance in marine regions. This ensures fair climate adaptation measures.

It also respects Indigenous Peoples’ inherent rights. Resource management decisions should account for historical injustices.

Connecting Across Continents

The Institute for Freshwater Fish Futures is leading global efforts to protect aquatic ecosystems. Canada Research Chair Zoe Todd heads this initiative. Her team collaborates with Pacific region experts to study Indigenous knowledge’s role in fish conservation.

The “Oceanic Refractions” team presented their findings in Berlin through an immersive art exhibit. Todd plans to bring this exhibition to Canada. She aims to blend local Indigenous stories with the existing research.

Todd’s work highlights the importance of Indigenous governments in fish conservation. She focuses on fish markets and riparian protection. The Institute seeks to change how we view and protect aquatic resources.

Their approach recognizes fish as self-governing entities. It promotes respectful engagement between humans and aquatic life. This perspective reshapes our understanding of fish conservation.

“The ‘Oceanic Refractions’ team recently showcased their findings in an immersive art exhibit in Berlin, and as part of their Canada Research Chair program, Todd plans to bring the exhibit to Canada to connect it with local knowledge and stories.”

Bycatch: A Threat to Sustainable Fisheries

Bycatch is the accidental capture of non-target species during fishing. It threatens fishery sustainability worldwide. 40% of global marine catch annually is bycatch, with some fisheries discarding up to 80% of their total catch.

Bycatch endangers vulnerable marine species like small whales and sea turtles. Certain fishing gear, such as gillnets and longlines, have bycatch rates from 15% to 65%. This highlights the need for more selective fishing methods.

Fishery	Bycatch Rate
Shrimp Trawl	Up to 80%
Bottom Trawling	Up to 90% in certain areas
Gillnets and Longlines	15% to 65%

Solutions exist to reduce bycatch impact. Bycatch reduction devices (BRDs) have cut bycatch rates by up to 50%. Partnerships between fisheries and conservation groups promote selective fishing methods.

Consumers can support sustainable fishing by choosing Ocean Wise recommended seafood. This helps protect our marine ecosystems. Your choices make a difference in promoting responsible fishing practices.

Sobeys’ Partnership with Ocean Wise

Sobeys has joined forces with the Ocean Wise Seafood Program to boost sustainable seafood choices. This teamwork shows how businesses can tackle ocean challenges together. It’s a bright example of environmental responsibility in action.

The Ocean Wise Seafood Program boasts over 750 partners committed to sustainable seafood sourcing. Sobeys stands out as a key national partner. They’re adding nearly 200 stores in Ontario and the Maritimes this October.

Promoting Sustainable Seafood Choices

The Sobeys-Ocean Wise alliance helps customers spot eco-friendly seafood in almost 1,000 locations. Sobeys displays the Ocean Wise logo on recommended products. They also train staff to educate shoppers about sustainable seafood.

• Sobeys aims to have a minimum of 95% of their fresh and frozen private label fish and seafood products certified as sustainable or recommended by Ocean Wise by 2025.
• By 2021, all canned tuna suppliers for Sobeys will be required to source from packers that are members of the International Seafood Sustainability Trade Association (ISSA).
• Sobeys recognizes various third-party certifications and standards, such as Marine Stewardship Council (MSC) and Best Aquaculture Practices (BAP), to ensure the sustainability of their seafood products.

This partnership aims to help Canadian families make smart seafood choices. These choices support ocean health and stability. Ocean Wise is making progress by working with leaders like Sobeys.

They’re promoting responsible fishing and reducing bycatch. These efforts are key to protecting our oceans for future generations.

“Sobeys is committed to educating staff, customers, and suppliers about sustainable fish and seafood, facilitated through our partnership with Ocean Wise for raising awareness.”

The Plastic Pollution Crisis

Plastic pollution threatens marine ecosystems worldwide. It harms aquatic life through entanglement and ingestion. Tackling this issue is vital for preserving marine ecosystems and species.

Canada’s fishing industry and Indigenous communities rely on healthy oceans. In 2018, Canadians shared over 13,000 ideas to reduce plastic waste. The government invested $19 million in innovation challenges for waste solutions.

Canada pledged $20 million to the G7 Innovation Challenge. It targets marine plastic litter. The Zero Plastic Waste Initiative invested $5 million in education and clean-ups.

The Ghost Gear Fund removes harmful debris from oceans. It involves fish harvesters, Indigenous communities, and the aquaculture industry. Canada committed $100 million to help developing countries manage plastic waste.

Globally, 8 million tons of plastic enter oceans yearly. Single-use plastics in fishing gear packaging threaten marine ecosystems. About 640,000 tons of fishing gear are lost in oceans annually.

Microplastics have been found in fish and seafood. This could impact human health. The fishing sector faces pressure to adopt sustainable practices.

Most Canadians support regulations to reduce plastic waste in fishing. Addressing plastic pollution is crucial for Canada’s fishing industry and marine health.

“We must take urgent action to address the growing crisis of plastic pollution in our oceans. The health of our marine ecosystems and the future of the fishing industry depend on our ability to find sustainable solutions.”

Ocean Protection and Marine Conservation

Marine protected areas (MPAs) are vital for ocean health. These regulated zones protect vulnerable species and habitats. MPAs are key to conserving oceans and supporting sustainable fishing and coastal communities.

Canada has made great strides in ocean conservation. In 2015, less than 1% of Canada’s ocean was protected. Now, 14.66% is safeguarded. Canada aims to protect 25% by 2025 and 30% by 2030.

Canada’s marine conservation efforts are diverse. They include 14 Oceans Act MPAs and 2 National Marine Conservation Areas. There’s also 1 Marine Park and 13 National Parks with marine components.

Additionally, Canada has 1 marine National Wildlife Area. It also has 60 other area-based conservation measures or marine refuges. These areas protect ecosystems from the Southern Strait of Georgia to the Arctic Ocean.

The Northern Shelf Bioregion is a marine life hotspot. It supports over 64 fish species and 70 marine bird species. The region also hosts 30 marine mammal species and 52 invertebrate species.

Other critical areas include Tuvaijuittuq, Sarvarjuaq, and Southampton Island. Each has unique ecological and cultural importance. These regions are being considered for enhanced conservation.

Canada’s marine conservation goes beyond setting aside protected areas. It involves effective management and regulation of activities within these zones. The MPA Protection Standard, implemented in 2019, prohibits harmful activities.

These restrictions include oil and gas exploration and mineral exploitation. Waste disposal and certain fishing methods are also banned. This ensures the long-term health of vital ecosystems.

Canada leads in ocean conservation, with MPAs at the center. Protecting ocean biodiversity secures a sustainable future for fisheries and coastal communities. It also safeguards the overall health of our blue planet.

Seafood Market Trends and Consumer Choices

Canada’s seafood market is changing fast. People want sustainable options more than ever. The industry is adapting to meet this new demand for eco-friendly seafood.

Industry projections show exciting growth in seafood consumption. By 2027, fish and seafood use will rise 9%. Food consumption will increase by 11%.

This surge comes from population growth and higher incomes. The industry must respond with smart, sustainable solutions.

Aquaculture production will grow by 20% by 2027. This will help meet the rising demand for seafood. Canadian seafood exports will also increase significantly.

Export value is set to reach over $8 billion by 2025. This 20% increase will cement Canada’s place in global seafood trade.

Seafood Market Trends	Projected Growth by 2027
Overall fish and seafood utilization	9%
Food consumption demand	11%
Aquaculture production	20%
Canadian seafood exports (value)	20%

Programs like Ocean Wise Seafood help Canadians make smart choices. They identify responsibly sourced, environmentally-friendly seafood options. These initiatives are crucial as demand for transparency grows.

“The future of fishing in Canada lies in the hands of conscientious consumers who prioritize sustainability and support responsible seafood choices.”

Indigenous Fishing Rights and Sovereignty

Canada’s fishing future must honor Indigenous communities’ inherent rights and sovereignty. For centuries, Indigenous Peoples have depended on fish for food, culture, and livelihood. Protecting Indigenous fishing rights and ensuring their leadership in fisheries management is vital.

Canada has 11 Numbered Treaties, negotiated from 1871 to 1921. There are also 14 Douglas Treaties made between 1850 and 1854. However, the Canadian Supreme Court has only recognized 6 decisions on First Nations’ fishing rights.

The UN Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples supports Indigenous fishing rights. Articles 25 and 32 address these concerns. Yet, only 3 First Nations in Canada have created their own fishing laws.

In 2018, the National Day of First Nations Fishing Rights was established. It highlights the ongoing struggle for Indigenous rights. The Fisheries Act of 1857 has long ignored Indigenous ownership of land and resources.

Recent efforts to amend the Fisheries Act fall short. They don’t fully integrate Indigenous knowledge or recognize Indigenous rights. Canada’s fishing future must prioritize Indigenous self-governance and food sovereignty for a fair future.

Indicator	Value
Total Number of Numbered Treaties	11
Years during which Numbered Treaties were made	1871 to 1921
Total number of Douglas Treaties negotiated from 1850-1854	14
Number of Canadian Supreme Court decisions recognizing First Nations rights related to fishing	6
Specific articles in the UN Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples related to fishing	Article 25, Article 32 (2), and Article 32 (3)
Number of First Nations with their own fishing laws	3 (Sheshegwaning First Nations, Listguj Miqmaq, Nisga Lisims)
Year when National Day of First Nations Fishing Rights was declared	2018

Climate Change Impacts on Aquatic Ecosystems

Climate change poses a serious threat to fishing in Canada. Rising temperatures, ocean acidification, and changing rainfall patterns are disrupting aquatic ecosystems. These changes have far-reaching effects on fish populations and their habitats.

Canada’s climate is warming twice as fast as the global average. The Arctic is heating up even faster, at three times the global rate. These rapid shifts affect fish abundance, size, distribution, and survival in Canadian waters.

The fishing industry is already feeling the impact of climate change. Marine animal populations are declining in areas with the largest Canadian fishery landings. This threatens the livelihoods of coastal communities and their food security.

Ocean acidification makes it harder for marine life to build shells. Harmful algal blooms are becoming more frequent and toxic. These issues affect both sea creatures and human food sources.

Addressing climate change effects on aquatic ecosystems is vital for fishing’s future. Updating laws like the Fisheries Act can help build climate resilience. It can also empower Indigenous communities through co-management and decision-making.

The fishing industry can adapt by using ecosystem-based approaches and scenario planning. Scientists, policymakers, and local communities must work together. This collaboration will help protect Canada’s aquatic ecosystems and the jobs they support.

“The time to act on climate change is now. We must work together to protect our aquatic ecosystems and ensure a sustainable future for the fishing industry in Canada.”

Impact	Effect
Ocean Acidification	Affects marine organisms that use calcium carbonate for shell formation, making it more energy-intensive to build shells or exoskeletons.
Harmful Algal Blooms	Increasing in frequency and toxicity due to warmer acidified seawater conditions, affecting marine life and human food security.
Shifts in Species Distribution	Changing ocean temperatures result in animals either benefiting from warmer waters or moving to more suitable environments.
Invasive Species	Climate change can allow invasive species to establish in new areas, outcompeting local species and impacting ecosystems.

Conclusion

Canada’s fishing future needs a comprehensive approach. It must center Indigenous knowledge, stories, and governance. Scientific research, innovative technologies, and sustainable practices are also crucial.

We face complex challenges in our aquatic ecosystems. These include declining biodiversity, plastic pollution, and climate change. Addressing these issues will help fish and human communities thrive together.

The way forward requires collaborative efforts and respect for Indigenous sovereignty. We must appreciate the vital role fish play in our environment’s health and resilience.

Initiatives like the Institute for Freshwater Fish Futures offer innovative approaches. The “Oceanic Refractions” team’s global efforts are also promising. These can help revive Canada’s fish populations and ensure industry sustainability.

As the fishing industry evolves, we must prioritize sustainable practices. Empowering Indigenous leadership is essential. Restoring balance in our aquatic ecosystems is crucial.

By taking these steps, we can secure a bright future for fishing in Canada. This will help preserve our rich cultural and ecological legacy for generations to come.

Discover the rich history of fishing in Canada and how it has shaped the nation’s culture! Dive into the fascinating details here: History of Fishing in Canada and explore this timeless tradition.

FAQ

What inspired Zoe Todd’s lifelong passion for fish?

A childhood memory sparked Zoe Todd’s passion for fish. She caught a large pike on Baptiste Lake in Alberta. This experience fueled her commitment to improve fish lives.

How is Zoe Todd working to protect fish in Canada?

Zoe Todd is a Red River Métis person and Canada Research Chair. She co-founded the Institute for Freshwater Fish Futures at Simon Fraser University. The institute explores Indigenous knowledges, stories, and laws to protect fish.

What are the main threats to fish populations in Canada?

Todd’s research shows a critical decline in fish populations across Canada. Major threats include overfishing, climate change, and industrial development. She emphasizes the need for Indigenous sovereignty in fish conservation efforts.

How does the Institute for Freshwater Fish Futures approach fish conservation?

The Institute uses a “restor(y)ing” approach. They blend Indigenous stories, knowledge, and science creatively. This method educates the public and informs policymakers about Canada’s watershed crisis.

How does Indigenous sovereignty and governance play a role in the future of fishing in Canada?

Protecting Indigenous fishing rights is crucial. Ensuring Indigenous leadership in fisheries management supports food sovereignty. It also helps preserve traditional ways of life in Indigenous communities.

What is the role of marine protected areas in ocean conservation?

Marine protected areas are vital for ocean conservation. They help restore healthy marine ecosystems. These areas protect vulnerable species, habitats, and ecological processes.

How are evolving seafood market trends and consumer awareness shaping the future of the fishing industry?

People are seeking responsibly sourced, eco-friendly seafood options. This increases demand for transparency in the supply chain. These trends are shaping the future of the fishing industry.

How does the issue of bycatch impact sustainable fishing practices?

Bycatch is the accidental capture of non-target species. It’s a major threat to sustainable fishing. Choosing seafood from selective harvesting methods can help reduce bycatch. This minimizes impact on the ecosystem.

How is the partnership between Sobeys and the Ocean Wise Seafood Program promoting sustainable seafood choices?

Sobeys and Ocean Wise Seafood Program work together to promote sustainable seafood. They ensure proper measures are in place to reduce bycatch. This partnership supports ocean health and sustainable fishing practices.

How does the plastic pollution crisis impact marine ecosystems and fish populations?

Plastic pollution threatens marine ecosystems worldwide. It accumulates in oceans and waterways. This has devastating effects on aquatic life, from entanglement to ingestion.